Прикладные науки

X-ray investigation of crystal structures / Laue method

Principle

Laue diagrams are produced when monocrystals are irradiated with polychromatic X-rays. This method is primarily used for the determination of crystal symmetries and the orientation of crystals. When a LiF monocrystal is irradiated with polychromatic X-rays, a characteristic ...

X-ray investigation of crystal structures / Laue method with digital X-ray image sensor

Principle

Laue diagrams are produced when monocrystals are irradiated with polychromatic X-rays. This method is primarily used for the determination of crystal symmetries and the orientation of crystals. When a LiF monocrystal is irradiated with polychromatic X-rays, a characteristic ...

X-ray dosimetry

Contrast medium experiment with a blood vessel model

When a blood vessel model is irradiated with X-rays, the blood vessels themselves are not visible at first. It is only after the injection of a contrast medium that the blood vessels become visible.

Tasks

1. Inject a 50% potassium iodide solution into the blood ...

Determination of length and position of an object which can

This experiment provides training in determining the length and position of an object based on an X-ray image. A metal pin that is embedded in a wooden block is used as the model. This experiment is also an excellent preparatory exercise for demonstrating the principle of computed ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with three cubic Bravais lattices

Principle

Polycrystalline powder samples, which crystallize in the three cubic Bravais types, simple, face-centered and body-centered, are irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A swivelling Geiger-Mueller counter tube detects the radiation that is ...

Debye-Scherrer diffractions pattern of powder samples with a diamond structure (according to Bragg-Brentano)

Polycrystalline powder samples, which crystallize in the three cubic Bravais types, simple, face-centered and body-centered, are irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A swivelling Geiger-Mueller counter tube detects the radiation that is ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a

Principle

A polycrystalline powder sample of zinc is irradiated with the radiation from a X-ray tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice planes of the crystallites. ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns of powder samples with a

A polycrystalline powder sample of lead dioxide is irradiated with the radiation from a X-ray tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice planes of the ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction patterns with a cubic powder

A cubic crystalline powder sample is irradiated with the radiation from a X-ray tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice planes of the crystallites. The ...

Diffraction measurements to determine the intensity of Debye-Scherrer reflexes using a cubic powder sample

Principle

A polycrystalline, cubic face-centered crystallizing powder sample is irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is constructively reflected from the various lattice ...

Debye-Scherrer diffraction measurements for the examination of the texture of rolled sheets

Principle

A polycrystalline, cubic face-centered crystallizing copper powder sample and a thin copper sheet are separately irradiated with the radiation from a Roentgen tube with a copper anode. A Geiger-Mueller counter tube is automatically swivelled to detect the radiation that is ...

X-ray energy spectroscopy - calibration of the X-ray energy

Principle

Various metal samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multi-channel analyser. The maxima of intensity of the corresponding characteristic X-ray lines are determined. The ...

Energy resolution of the X-ray energy detector

Principle

Various metal samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the aid of a semiconductor detector and a multichannel analyser. The energy of the characteristic X-ray lines and their full widths at half maximum are determined. ...

Inherent fluorescence radiation of the X-ray energy detector

Principle

Fluorescence radiation of the elements of a sample can cause fluorescence radiation inside the detector and its housing if the energy is sufficiently high. As a result, the spectrum may include lines that are not caused by the sample. For the detection of potential additional ...